それが今回紹介する Vaginal Gel（女性性器用ジェル） というわけです！
今現在、Vaginal Gelの治験は、HIVならびにHSV-2（性器ヘルペスの原因ウイルス）感染防止を主たる目的として行われているのですが、開発自体はずいぶん前から行われているようで、今現在はFACTS 001というプロジェクト名称のもとで実施されているようです。
* FACTSという名称は、Follow-on African Consortium for Tenofovir Studies から来ているようで、テノフォビルという薬剤に関する研究を継続的に行うことを目的として結成されたアフリカ圏内の共同研究組織みたいなもののようです。
It showed that the use of the gel reduced HIV infection by 39 percent and also reduces the risk of contracting genital herpes by 51 percent.
（HIVの感染を39％、HSV-2の感染を51％低下させることができた）
ようです！
みなさんの中には、「えぇっ、たったの51％？」という方もいらっしゃるでしょうが、いろんな薬と併用することにより、HSVの感染率をかなりの確率で低下させることができるかもしれません！
* 薬の併用に関しては薬剤師や専門医の指示に従ってください！決して、併用を推進しているわけではありません…。
「もうすでに感染している人」にはあまり魅力的な話ではないかもしれませんが…、それでも友達や子供などにとっては非常に重要な情報になると思います。
加えて、Vaginal Gelが現在Phase IIIとして大規模な治験が実施されていることを考えれば、少しずつかもしれませんが、GHに対する治療薬の開発が進んでいることも実感できると思います！
Compiled by the Government Communication and Information System
Date: 14 Jun 2011
Title: New test phase of HIV gel launched
By Gabi Khumalo
Pretoria - After encouraging results on a vaginal gel containing the antiretroviral drug tenofovir, which reduces HIV infection and risk of contracting genital herpes, a follow-up study to test the safety of the gel has been launched.
The Phase III trial, to be known as FACTS 001, will be conducted by the Follow-on African Consortium for Tenofovir Studies (FACTS) led by Professor Helen Rees, who is the Director of the Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute (WRHI). It is expected to start by the end of July and run for 24 months.
The study prior to this, known as CAPRISA 004, was conducted last year by the Centre for the Aids Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) on nearly 900 women in KwaZulu-Natal. It showed that the use of the gel reduced HIV infection by 39 percent and also reduces the risk of contracting genital herpes by 51 percent. However, CAPRISA 004 was a relatively small trial (Phase IIb trial) and was not designed for licensure purposes.
On Tuesday, the Department of Science and Technology, in partnership with the United States, launched FACTS 001, which will test the safety and effectiveness of 1 percent tenofovir gel. FACTS 001 will be a bigger study than CAPRISA 004, involving 2 200 women aged 18 to 30 years at seven trial sites across South Africa.
Speaking at the launch of FACTS 001, Deputy Minister of Science and Technology, Derek Hanekom, said government was looking forward to this stage of the trial and was very proud of the collaboration between the South African government and United States of America. He noted that while people should continue to condomise and be faithful, research for vaccines also have to continue, adding that once the results are positive and confirmed, it would make it possible to help protect women against HIV and Aids.
"This product does something different, it gives women the power to negotiate and make decisions for themselves. It needs to be done. We are ready and if it confirms its effectiveness, we will soon put it on the market, combined with the roll out of the treatment," Hanekom said.
The department had funded the trial with an amount of R17 million for a three-year period. Professor Rees said the research found that using the gel before and after sex provided moderate protection against HIV and Herpes Simplex.
"The establishment of the FACTS consortium to confirm the effectiveness of the first vaginal microbicide gel for women and enable licensure is extremely exciting for South African researchers.
The objectives of the FACTS 001 confirm the CAPRISA 004 results in larger more diverse populations. "The South African government's support for FACTS demonstrates a new era of collaboration between researchers and government with the common vision of preventing HIV infections in women," said Rees. United States Ambassador Donald Gips commended the South African government for its decision to fund the FACTS study and partnering with the US, which has pledged to fund the study for R129 million for a three-year period.
"The study offers a new tool to prevent HIV and Aids. We have to figure out how to prevent more people from being infected with the disease.
It is very urgent for the researchers to complete the trial for its approval because protecting women and girls from contracting the disease is very crucial," Gips said.
"We are committed to empowering women and girls to protect themselves by finding new HIV prevention options. Confirming tenofovir gel's effectiveness is a fundamental and essential step in the right direction.
Together, government and civil society are making strides to slow down the infection, and the US is very proud to support you." - BuaNews
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